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Term Life Overview
Term
life insurance is the easiest to understand and usually the easiest
to afford.
Your policy has a term
or length of time that it is in effect. A ten-year policy is for
ten years of coverage. If you die in that term period, your policy
will pay its face amount. Face amount is the amount of coverage
you buy. For example, if you have a $100,000 face value, your insurance
company will pay your loved ones $100,000 when you die.
Usually, you have to
pay a certain amount of money every month or quarter. These payments
are called premiums. If you miss a payment, your coverage may not
be in effect.
Some policies can be
renewed, but you may have to pay more as you get older. You may
be required to take a physical examination when you renew your policy.
Whole
Life Insurance - A Brief Overview
Whole life insurance has premiums or payments that usually
stay the same time and last your entire lifetime.
Some
of the money you pay into a whole life insurance policy will accumulate
like a savings plan. This is called the "cash value" of your policy.
Your cash value depends on how much insurance you bought in the
first place and how much you are paying for it. Some insurance companies
will even add to the cash value of your policy by returning dividends.
The cash value of your
policy is guaranteed based on the guaranteed minimum interest rate
stated in the policy. However, insurance companies cannot guarantee
dividends.
You can borrow against
your cash value. However, if you do this, you will reduce the death
benefit (paid to the beneficiary) proportionately. The interest
earned in a policy generally accumulates tax-deferred.
Universal Life
Overview
A universal
life insurance policy accumulates cash value. It allows you to adjust
the death benefits and amount you pay for coverage. Because this
kind of life insurance lasts a lifetime, the built-in flexibility
allows you to change your policy as your need for life insurance
changes. For example, you may need different coverage when your
children are young compared to when you are retired. However, many
policy holders choose a level death benefit.
If you keep paying your
premiums, a portion of your payment accumulates and earns interest.
This money is tax deferred. You can surrender your policy for its
cash value if you need to or borrow from it, but this reduces the
value of your coverage.
Some
universal life policies make allowances if you become disabled and
cannot pay premiums. Some have "guaranteed insurability" which means
you are covered even if your health declines.
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